Peace Programs

Council of Presidents and Prime Ministers of the Americas

Based within the Carter Center's Americas Program, the Council includes more than 25 current and former leaders from the Western Hemisphere, led by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Once a pioneer in observing elections, the Council has evolved its role to complement the work of the Americas Program: deepening inter-American relations, fostering democracy, and building governmental accountability. The Council uses its experience and voice to give visibility to pressing issues, search for cooperative solutions to problems, bring together divided countries, and promote policy reform and concrete action by multilateral organizations, governments, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations.

Members

Jimmy Carter, Chairman of the Council, former President of the United States (1977-81)

Fernando Henrique Cardoso, former President of Brazil (1995-2003)

Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1999-present)

P.J. Patterson, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1992-present)

Arthur Robinson, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1997-present)

Raúl Alfonsín, former President of Argentina (1983-89)

Nicholás Ardito-Barletta, former President of Panama (1984-85)

Oscar Arias Sánchez, former President of Costa Rica (1986-90)

Patricio Aylwin Azocar, former President of Chile (1990-94)

Belisario Betancur, former President of Colombia (1982-86)

Rafael Caldera, former President of Venezuela (1969-74, 1994-99)

Armando Calderón Sol, former President of El Salvador (1994-99)

Rodrigo Carazo, former President of Costa Rica (1978-82)

Vinicio Cerezo, former President of Guatemala (1986-90)

Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, former President of Nicaragua (1990-96)

Joseph Clark, former Prime Minister of Canada (1979-80)

Leonel Fernández Reyna, former President of Dominican Republic (1996-2000)

Eduardo Frei, former President of Chile (1994-2000)

Osvaldo Hurtado, former President of Ecuador (1981-84)

Luis Alberto Lacalle, former President of Uruguay (1989-94)

Andres Pastrana Arango, former President of Colombia (1998-2002)

Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, former President of Bolivia (1992-97, 2002-03)

Lloyd Erskine Sandiford, former Prime Minister of Barbados (1987-94)

Julio María Sanguinetti, former President of Uruguay (1985-89, 1995-99)

Edward Seaga, former Prime Minister of Jamaica (1980-88)

Alejandro Toledo, former President of Peru (2001-2006)

Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León, former President of Mexico (1994-2000)

Emeritus Member

George Price, former Prime Minister of Belize (1981-84, 1989-93)

In Memorium

Errol Barrow, former Prime Minister of Barbados (1966-76, 1986-87)

Fernando Belaúnde Terry, former President of Peru (1963-68, 1980-85)

Ramiro de León Carpio, former President of Guatemala (1993-96)

John Compton, former Prime Minister of St. Lucia (1987-96)

Gerald Ford, former President of the United States (1974-77)

Micheal Manley, former Prime Minister of Jamaica (1972-80, 1988-92)

Alfonso López Michelsen, former President of Colombia (1974-78)

Daniel Oduber, former President of Costa Rica (1974-78)

Carlos Roberto Reina, former President of Honduras (1994-98)

Pierre Trudeau, former Prime Minister of Canada (1968-79, 1980-84)